2007 National Marine Aquaculture Summit
What Is Aquaculture?
Commercial U.S. marine aquaculture production includes many species of shellfish and finfish, such as cobia. [Snapperfarm Photo]
The broad term “aquaculture” refers to the breeding, rearing, and harvesting of plants and animals in all types of water environments, including ponds, rivers, lakes, and the ocean. Similar to agriculture, aquaculture can take place in the natural environment or in a manmade environment. Using proved aquaculture techniques and technologies, researchers and the aquaculture industry are “growing,” “producing,” “culturing,” and “farming” freshwater and marine species.
More specifically, marine aquaculture refers to the culturing of saltwater aquatic species, while freshwater aquaculture focuses on the culturing of freshwater species. For example, marine aquaculture production includes oysters, clams, mussels, shrimp, and salmon, while freshwater aquaculture operations produce trout, catfish, and tilapia.
Aquaculture is the fastest-growing form of global food production and is a significant source of protein for people in many countries. Aquaculture now accounts for about 40% of the seafood consumed by humans worldwide, and almost half of the seafood consumed by Americans.
The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), the nation’s oceans agency, is at the forefront of a national initiative to help the United States become more self-sufficient in the production of seafood. This initiative is based on strong, sustainable commercial marine fisheries, complemented by robust domestic aquaculture production.
NOAA has a long and rich tradition in marine aquaculture, from cutting-edge science, research, and technology development to Federal policymaking. In the broadest sense, NOAA's aquaculture efforts are focused on creating domestic seafood supply to meet the nation’s growing demand for seafood products, with the understanding that NOAA's marine stewardship responsibilities are its top priority.
For more information on aquaculture at NOAA, click here.